什么是血栓形成?
血栓形成 occurs when one or more blood clots develop in a blood vessel or the heart. A thrombus (clot) forms when blood cells stick together when they shouldn’t. A clot can grow large enough to stop blood from flowing through your circulatory system and create a life-threatening situation. 静脉深处有血栓, 大的动脉, or a pulmonary (lung) artery pose the greatest risk to your health.
栓塞vs. 血栓形成
A thrombus is a stationary blood clot. An embolus occurs when a piece of the blood clot moves to another part of your body. If the embolus becomes stuck in a blood vessel and cuts off blood flow, it’s called an embolism.
血栓形成的症状
血栓形成 generally has no symptoms until the clot stops or significantly decreases blood flow. When you notice symptoms, you should seek medical attention quickly.
血栓形成是什么感觉?
Symptoms of thrombosis differ depending on the clot’s location in the body. Blood clots in your legs may cause swelling, pain, and persistent cramping in the calf or thigh. It may feel like a charley horse (another term for a muscle spasm or cramp) that doesn’t go away with rest or stretching. A clot in your lungs or heart causes difficulty breathing, 胸部疼痛, 密性, 头晕, 还有低血压. Clots in your lungs also cause coughing that can produce blood. When clots occur in your neck, head, or brain, you may experience 中风-like symptoms:
- 面部突然麻木
- 手臂和腿部无力
- 混乱
- 说话困难
- 失去平衡
- 视力困难
血栓的种类
The type of blood vessel involved identifies the type of thrombosis:
- 静脉血栓形成,This occurs in a vein, usually in the deep veins of the lower leg, thigh, pelvis, or arm.
- 动脉血栓形成,This occurs in an artery, the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood to your organs. If blood flow stops or slows, organs like the brain or heart are at risk of irreversible damage.
- 冠状动脉血栓形成,This means a blood clot is in an artery carrying blood to the heart. It restricts blood flow to and from the heart, causing tissue damage or a heart attack.
血栓形成的原因?
When you’re injured, your blood clumps together to naturally stop the bleeding, which creates a clot. In most cases, your body breaks down and reabsorbs the clot. 然而, 医疗状况, 药物治疗, or lifestyle factors may prevent your body from dissolving the clot. Over time, the clot can grow and block the blood supply to your tissues and organs.
血栓形成危险因素
Surgery is the biggest risk factor for thrombosis. 然而, some people are more likely to develop a blood clot due to the following risk factors:
血栓形成的诊断
Your provider will discuss your health history and perform a physical exam. They will also order tests to make a diagnosis:
- Blood tests to measure proteins in your blood
- Computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans to visualize clots
- Ultrasound to assess the flow of blood in your arteries and veins
- Venography to see blood flow using an X-ray.
血栓形成的治疗
Most patients with thrombosis take anticoagulant 药物治疗s (blood thinners) to help their body dissolve the blood clot. These 药物治疗s are taken orally, by injection, or intravenously (through a vein). Some of the most common anticoagulant 药物治疗s are 华法令阻凝剂, rivaroxaban, apixaban, and heparin. Your health care provider will assess your risk for future blood clots and determine how long you should continue taking the 药物治疗. 病人 with life-threatening blood clots receive thrombolytics, a powerful 药物治疗 that quickly breaks up the clot. 如果你有 中风 or 心脏病发作症状, call 911 or seek medical attention immediately.
寻找血栓专家
Why Choose University of Utah Health?
犹他大学健康中心血栓服务中心 includes internal medicine providers, 药剂师, and support staff specializing in blood-clotting problems. Led by specialty-trained 药剂师, the team helps patients manage their blood thinner 药物治疗s, ensuring effective treatment and reducing complications.
Additionally, our 血栓形成服务 is an Anticoagulation Center of Excellence, meaning we offer the highest level of care and achieve the best patient outcomes.
How to 转诊病人 to the 血栓形成服务
Only U of U Health providers can refer patients to the 血栓形成服务, such as referrals for anticoagulation monitoring for 药物治疗 management or E-consult to thrombosis for complex clinical questions. Please send the appropriate order via the patient’s electronic health record. To learn more, please call 801-213-9150.